The Troodos Mountains are the largest mountain range in Cyprus and are located roughly in the center of the island. Its highest peak is Mount Olympus at 1,952 meters, where skiing is possible in winter.

The region has been known since antiquity for its mines, which for centuries supplied the entire Mediterranean with copper. During the Byzantine period, it developed into a center of Byzantine art, as churches and monasteries were built in the mountains, far from the ever-threatened coast.