Athens, the southernmost capital on the European mainland, is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years. According to Greek mythology the city was named after Athena, the ancient Greek goddess of wisdom. Classical Athens was one of the most powerful city-states in ancient Greece. It was a centre for democracy, the arts, education and philosophy, and was highly influential throughout the European continent, particularly in Ancient Rome. For this reason it is often regarded as the cradle of Western civilisation and the birthplace of democracy.

Founded in 1914, it is now located in the former villa of the Duchess of Plaisance, also known as the Villa Ilissia, in close proximity to the War Museum. It houses more than 25,000 exhibits, artifacts from the 3rd century AD to the late Middle Ages.


Marble statuette of Orpheus, 4th cent..

Orpheus, playing a harp, is surrounded by various animals. An elephant stands in the left corner.