The Basilica of San Lorenzo in Doliolo is the oldest church in San Severino Marche. According to tradition, it was originally built on the ruins of the temple of the goddess Feronia already in the 2nd century. It seems that San Severino stayed in this basilica with his brother Vittorino in the 6th century before retiring to a hermitage.

The abbey around was surely founded in the 8th or 9th centuries and stood outside the walls of the castle of San Severino. The current building dates from the 14th century but has been extensively renovated.