Around 15.000 years ago - during the last Ice Age - the course of the Rhine River changed dramatically. The Rhine Falls came into being at the transition point where hard chalk turned into soft gravel.

The Rhine Falls - the most powerful waterfall of Europe - is 150 meters wide and has a height of 23 meters. The average water flow in winter is 250 m³/s, while in the summer the average water flow is 600 m³/s.