San Marino is an independent republic. It is an enclave in Italy. San Marino was founded in 301AD by Saint Marinus. San Marino claims to be the oldest republic in the world. It served as a refuge for many people who supported the unification of Italy in the 19th century and as a result Garribaldi accepted the wish of San Marino to remain independent. It is not a member of the EU, but it does use the euro.